There are two main types:
Primary milia: Most common in infants and adults, these form spontaneously when skin doesn't shed dead cells effectively. They often appear around the eyes, nose, and cheeks.
Secondary milia: These develop after skin trauma—burns, blistering rashes, laser treatments, or even heavy, occlusive skincare products that trap dead skin cells.
In adults, milia are most common around the delicate eye area, but they can appear anywhere on the face, as well as on the ears, chest, and even genitals.
Why Do They Appear? Common Causes
Milia don't discriminate, but certain factors can increase your likelihood of developing them:
1. Sun Damage
Chronic UV exposure thickens the outer layer of skin over time, making it harder for dead cells to shed properly. This creates a perfect environment for keratin to become trapped.
2. Heavy, Occlusive Skincare Products
Rich creams, petroleum-based balms, and thick ointments can seal the skin's surface, trapping dead cells underneath. This is especially common around the delicate eye area.
3. Inadequate Exfoliation
As we age, cellular turnover naturally slows. Without gentle, consistent exfoliation, dead skin cells accumulate and can contribute to milia formation.
4. Skin Trauma
Burns, rashes, aggressive laser treatments, or even vigorous rubbing can damage the sweat ducts and lead to secondary milia as the skin heals.
5. Genetics
Some people are simply more prone to milia, just as some are prone to acne or eczema.
The "Don't Try This at Home" Warning
Before we dive into solutions, I need to say this clearly: do not attempt to extract milia yourself with fingers, tweezers, or safety pins.
Unlike blackheads, milia have no visible opening. Attempting to dig them out can:
Cause scarring and permanent skin damage
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